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DSP for FPGAs
Learn DSP fundamentals from the perspective of implementation within the FPGA fabric
Complimentary Services: Post training email support & 1-hr consultation session within 1 month after the course completion!
Course
Highlights
This three-day course will review DSP fundamentals from the perspective of implementation within the FPGA fabric. Particular emphasis will be given to highlighting the cost, with respect to both resources and performance, associated with the implementation of various DSP techniques and algorithms. Topics include:
- Introduction to FPGA hardware and technology for DSP applications
- DSP fixed-point arithmetic
- Signal flow graph techniques
- HDL code generation for FPGAs
- Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Implementation
- Design and implementation of FIR, IIR and CIC filters
- CORDIC algorithm
- Design and implementation of adaptive algorithms such as LMS and QR algorithm
- Techniques for synchronisation and digital communications timing recovery
Who Should
Attend
Engineers who wants to implement various DSP algorithms/techniques within FPGA fabric.
Course
Prerequisites
MATLAB Fundamentals and Simulink for System and Algorithm Modeling.
Course
Benefits
Upon the completion of this training, attendee will be able to:
- Understand general FPGA architecture and why FPGAs are uniquely suited to the implementation of DSP algorithms
- Learn different Xilinx FPGA families and architectures (Spartan 3 and Virtex-5 FPGAs)
- Understand DSP slices, clocking resources and power consumption
- Understand fixed point binary arithmetic. Map arithmetic operations to
Xilinx FPGA hardware - Use the Cut Set method to improve timing performance. Implement parallel and serial FIR filters
- Understand the theory and FPGA implementation of the Fast Fourier Transform
- Develop polyphase structure for efficient implementation of multirate filters. Use CIC filter for interpolation and decimation
- Use CORDIC algorithm for calculation of various trigonometric functions
- Learn QR algorithm and its FPGA implementation
- Understand timing and frequency recovery algorithm
Partners
Upcoming Program
- Please keep me posted on the next schedule
- Please contact me to arrange customized/ in-house training
Course Outline
Introduction to DSP FPGA Hardware
Objective: Provide introduction to DSP and FPGA. Understand general FPGA architecture and why FPGAs are uniquely suited to the implementation of DSP algorithms.
- From discrete logic to FPGAs -some history!
- The generic DSP system
- DSP cores and processors review
- Custom and semi-custom ASICs
- System-on-chip (SOC)
- FPGA flexibility and functionality
- FPGAs vs Programmable DSPs
Linear Systems DSP Algorithm Review
Objective: Review fundamental concepts of sampling theorem, quantization, Fourier analysis and digital filter design.
- Aliasing and reconstruction filters
- Sampling rates and wordlengths
- Z-domain notation and fundamental analysis
- FIR and IIR filters
- Digital filter design and specification
- Oversampling techniques (sigma delta)
FPGA Technology
Objective: Explore different Xilinx FPGA families and architectures. Provide introduction to Spartan 3 and Virtex-5 FPGAs.
- The FPGA technology roadmap
- Clocking rates, data rates and sample rates
- FPGA memory and registers
- Input/output blocks and requirements
- Bits, Slices and Configurable Logic Blocks
- Comparable MIPs Performance Ratings
- FPGA Families and Sources
FPGA elements for DSP algorithms
Objective: Understand DSP slices, clocking resources and power consumption.
- Building delay lines and Shift Registers
- Use of RAM (memory) on FPGAs
- Serial to Parallel and Parallel to serial
- Multiplexors for channel selection
- Full adders, carry logic, and adder trees
- Multipliers: Shift and Add; ROM based
- Efficient multiplier implementation
DSP Arithmetic Essentials
Objective: Understand fixed point binary arithmetic. Map arithmetic operations to Xilinx FPGA hardware.
- 2’s complement fixed point arithmetic
- Fundamental adders and multiplier arrays
- Division and square root arrays….not so easy!
- Wordlength issues and Fixed point arithmetic
- Saturate and wraparound
- Overflow and underflow
Signal Flow Graph (SFG) Techniques
Objective: Review the representation of DSP algorithms using signal flow graph. Use the Cut Set method to improve timing performance. Implement parallel and serial FIR filters.
- DSP/Digital Filter Signal Flow Graphs
- Latency, delays and “anti-delays”!
- Re-timing: Cut-set and delay scaling
- The transpose FIR
- Pipelining and multichannel architectures
- SFG topologies for FPGAs
Frequency Domain Processing
Objective: Discuss the theory and FPGA implementation of the Fast Fourier Transform.
- DFT, FFT and IFFT
- FFT FPGA architectures
- FFT wordlength growth and accuracy
Multirate Signal Processing for FPGAs
Objective: Develop polyphase structure for efficient implementation of multirate filters. Use CIC filter for interpolation and decimation.
- Upsampling and interpolation filters
- Downsampling and decimation filters
- Efficient arithmetic for FIR implementation
- Integrators and differentiators
- Half-band, moving average and comb filters
- Cascade Integrator Comb (CIC) Filters (Hogenauer)
- Efficient arithmetic for IIR Filtering
CORDIC Techniques
Objective: Introduce CORDIC algorithm for calculation of various trigonometric functions.
- CORDIC rotation mode and vector mode
- Compute cosine and sine function
- Compute vector magnitude and angle
- Architecture for FPGA implementation
Adaptive DSP Algorithms and Applications
Objective: Introduce LMS algorithm in adaptive signal processing. Illustrate QR algorithm as a Recursive Least Squares (RLS) technique and why it is particularly suited to FPGA implementation.
- Adaptive applications (equalisation, beamforming)
- LMS Algorithms and parallel implementation
- Non-canonical LMS algorithms
- Linear algebra; solving linear systems of equations
- The QR algorithm for adaptive signal processing
- QR processing requirements and numerical issues
DSP Enabled Communications and FPGAs
Objective: Review quadrature modulation and pulse-shaping. Discuss implementation of numerically controlled oscillators.
- Quaternary Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
- Transmit/Receive Filters – Root Raised Cosine
- Undersampling and Digital Downconversion
- Direct digital upconversion
- Digital IF stages (and fs/4 Systems)
- Numerically controlled oscillators (NCO)
- Design partitioning for FPGAs
Timing and Synchronisation Issues
Objective: Cover symbol timing recovery, carrier phase recovery, carrier frequency recovery and frame synchronization.
- Carrier recovery, squaring and Costas loops, PLLs
- Phase rotations; Sampling rate conversions
- Symbol timing recovery, early/late gate detection
- Delay locked loop timing and synchronisation
